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Traveling and pregnant? Zika could affect you

The Zika virus has been a hot topic lately, however the concern is not virus-carrying mosquitoes invading Northwest Ohio. Though an infestation here is unlikely, the more pressing threat involves travelling residents bringing the virus back from areas— Central and South America— where the virus is a more immediate problem..

The disease is primarily spread through the bite of an infected Aedes aegypti mosquito – also known as the yellow fever mosquito – recognizable by white markings on its legs. Symptoms include fever, rash, joint pain, or red eyes, according to Shannon Lands, public information officer for the Toledo-Lucas County Health Department.

“There’s been no local transmission of Zika anywhere in the United States,” said Lands. “It’s only been travel-associated.” Among the 10 travel-related cases in Ohio, the closest originated from a resident in Summit County in Northeast Ohio.

Symptoms and pregnancy

Zika symptoms are similar to the flu, often mild, rarely resulting in death, many don’t even realize they have been infected. However, the real issue is with pregnant women who are traveling to those areas heavily affected right now. Zika can cause microcephaly, a birth defect causing a baby’s head to be smaller than expected and preventing the brain from developing properly.


This is a transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of Zika virus, which is a member of the family Flaviviridae. Virus particles are 40 nm in diameter, with an outer envelope, and an inner dense core. The arrow identifies a single virus particle.

 

“There’s testing that can be done at the state level and CDC, specifically for pregnant women,” Lands said. “But they are advising all pregnant women not to travel to these areas."

The problem could even affect those couples trying to get pregnant, too. Although the CDC does not know how long the virus can stay in the semen of men who have had Zika, it is known that the virus can stay in semen longer than in blood. Abstaining from sex is the only way to be certain that one does not get Zika virus from sex, according to the CDC.

As for a remedy, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), headquartered in Bethesda, Md., anticipates beginning phase 1 trials for several Zika virus vaccine candidates in the fall. Depending on the outcome of those trials, phase 2 trials could begin sometime in 2017, according to NIAID.

Travel with caution

As of late April 2016, CDC reported 388 travel-related cases nationwide, of which 33 involved pregnancy. As such, CDC recommends postponing trips to Central and South America, where the Aedes aegypti mosquito is a much larger threat – pregnant or not.

“The (CDC) guidance is to wear long sleeves and pants, treat clothing with permethrin, and stay in places with air conditioning, allowing for window and door screens to help keep mosquitoes outside,” Lands said. “And if you do travel, sleep under a mosquito bed net.”

While the cooler temperatures and first frost every fall generally signal the end of the mosquito season here in the continental United States, things are different in warmer climates.

“Throughout the tropics, the weather often doesn’t cool down,” said Candice Burns Hoffman, press officer for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta. “The mosquito season then coincides with rainy season.”


Mosquitos love to breed in places like this where there’s standing water. Toledo Area Sanitary District is actively trying to eliminate these common breeding grounds, but it takes everyone’s help.

 

Burns Hoffman indicates it is difficult to predict when this notice could be lifted.

“Local transmission means that mosquitoes in these areas have been infected with Zika virus and are spreading it to people,” she said. “The notices will remain in effect until the risk to travelers is decreased, based on rates of mosquito-borne transmission and other factors.”

Is Zika a real local concern?

While the Aedes aegypti mosquito has yet to be found in Ohio or Michigan, there is another related species – Aedes albopictus, also known as the Asian tiger mosquito – which is more common, and has been located in Central and Southern Ohio. Aegypti cannot survive in the colder temperatures here, but albopictus can, which leaves the local agency responsible for the abatement and control of mosquitoes ever vigilant.


Toledo-Lucas County Health Department’s Shannon Lands says CDC advises pregnant women not to travel to Central or South America.

For the past 2-3 years, we’ve been doing intense surveillance,” said Paul Bauman, biologist for the Toledo Area Sanitary District (TASD). “The (albopictus) is of a secondary vector and not thought of to be the primary villain. Overall my concern is not overly high. I don’t want to downplay it, but we have a pretty good strategy in mind in terms of mosquito control and mosquito transmission.”
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TASD especially looks for areas where mosquitoes breed, which include floodwaters, ditches, storm-sewer catch basins, tree holes, rain barrels, discarded automobile tires, and in nearly all types of artificial containers. It also has specific traps designed to check for mosquitoes, and so far neither species has been located.

“The larger concern is people who are traveling, for sure, into those areas with problems,” Bauman said.

Zika forum

Area leaders are being proactive on the Zika concern. To help educate on the state of the problem and improve public health safety, a Zika forum will be held May 24 at 10:30 a.m. at the Toledo Hospital and will involve panelists from the Toledo-Lucas County Health Department, University of Toledo, Ohio Department of Health, Infectious Disease Associates of NW Ohio, and TASD.

Space is limited, but those interested may register at zikaforumtoledo.eventbrite.com.

 

Tackle the Tantrums!

Parents looking for positive styles of discipline to deal with their children’s fights and tantrums are invited to attend the ACT: Raising Safe Kids class beginning May 17 and running until July 5 at the Children’s Resource Center in Bowling Green. The American Psychological Association endorses this free program that helps parents examine their disciplinary styles to choose one that  best fits their child. Research has shown that graduates of the course used less harsh discipline and benefited from support of their classmates in the course.

The class meets from 5:30 – 7:30 p.m. each Tuesday, with a family meal first and childcare provided while parents are in the class. Kristen Junga at the CRC has more information at 419 352-7588 about the class and other offerings at the Center, whose mission is to provide child-centered, family-focused mental health and co-occurring mental health and substance abuse services to all Wood County and nearby families.

Whatever Happened to Family Mealtime?

When I was growing up, dinner was at 6 o’clock sharp every day except Sunday. All of us kids knew we had to be there, with clean hands, and all electronics turned off. While raising my own four children, I insisted on the same ritual. It gave us all a chance to unwind, tell stories or jokes, and talk about what was going on in the world and our lives.

For many families these days, work and school schedules make it impossible to eat together every day. For some families, everyone seems to be on their own, even if they are physically near each other because of distractions from a nearby television or cell phones at the dinner table.  

Countless studies have shown that eating together and engaging in conversation builds strong family bonds. Family meals are linked to healthier eating, better child behavior, and greater success in school. Dinnertime is an opportunity for you to share your values and family history with your child, and to learn about what’s happening in her life. This is especially important for tweens and teens who, studies show,  are less likely to engage in substance abuse and other antisocial behaviors when they have a strong parent-child bond.  

If you’ve drifted away from family meals and want to get back into the routine, try to plan ahead so that mealtime is as stress-free as possible. Whether a single parent or a two-parent household, mealtime shouldn’t feel like a burden to anyone. The best way to avoid this is to enlist everyone’s help. Even the smallest child can learn to help out with meal preparation, serving, clearing the table and washing the dishes.

If your schedules don’t permit you to have dinner together every night, plan for two, or three evenings a week. Shoot for the same day and time to establish a habit, and soon family meals will become a tradition in your home.

For kid-friendly recipes and activity ideas, visit kohlskidsinaction.org.

Nancy Surella is a health educator with the ‘Kohl’s Kids in Action’ program at Mercy Children’s Hospital. For more information, call 419-251-1246 or visit kohlskidsinaction.org. Kohl’s Kids in Action is funded by a grant from Kohl’s Cares, through your purchase of their $5 cause merchandise (story books and stuffed animals).

Celebrating Life after Childhood Cancer

Ava Wegrzyn turns 4 years old on June 4, 2016. Yet, at this tender age, she has endured more than most will face in an entire lifetime. Ava’s story is a remarkable journey of strength and courage against a most formidable evil: childhood cancer.

Her life will be forever changed by her struggle, but today she thrives with an intense love of life, full of support from her family and the community that has waited in the wings, furiously rooting for her. Ava’s mother shares a heart-wrenching perspective on her daughter’s unbelievable battle.

Something Was Very Wrong

Jenny Wegrzyn began to notice unusual symptoms in her youngest daughter, Ava, when she was about 15 months old. Out of nowhere, the toddler began waking up crying in middle of the night, developed a finicky appetite during nap time, and seemed to always run a low-grade fever. When Ava began to have “staring spell” seizures, where she would stare off for 30 seconds or so before snapping out of it, Jenny knew it was time to take action.

Blood-work indicated anemia, a condition where not enough healthy red blood cells are available to carry adequate oxygen to the body’s tissues. Usually easy to correct with iron supplementation, Ava’s case was stubborn. A month later, with no change to initial results, Ava’s doctor made a startling discovery–a mass in her abdomen. Ultrasounds revealed a 10 cm tumor growing on her liver.

Immediately, Ava was admitted to Toledo Children’s Hospital. Jenny spent a life-altering night in the hospital with Ava and her older daughter, Ellie, awaiting the results. It took all she had to remain strong for her girls. “I still remember the darkness, the smell of the room, the feeling of wanting to crumble to the floor because your world is falling apart. But, my two kids were there. You go into survival mode. It still feels surreal, like a hazy nightmare,” Jenny disclosed.

A Diagnosis that Stopped Time

Doctors confirmed hepatoblastoma, a rare form of liver cancer that usually affects children under age 3, as the cause of Ava’s tumor. Within a week, the Wegrzyns were at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital under the care of Dr. James Geller. “We just wanted to do something. Every day that went by, this thing got bigger and took hold of her. As soon as we contacted Dr. Geller, he told us to come down that night to get admitted for further testing and a liver biopsy,” Jenny revealed.

Dr. Geller laid out the necessary course of action: They would proceed first with chemotherapy to shrink the tumor, and then operate to remove the affected portion of Ava’s liver. “Within a minute of beginning her first chemotherapy treatment, Ava had an anaphylactic reaction. Her oxygen levels dropped, she had a rash covering her body, and her heart rate increased. The chemo was immediately brought to a halt and Ava was stabilized. Dr. Geller came up with a way to desensitize her to the drug, and did what would normally be a two-hour infusion over the course of 10 hours.”

This time, everything went well. “It was all pretty overwhelming. You’re thrown into a world that you know nothing about. You quickly learn lots of things that you don’t want to learn, but it’s your kid and you do anything for them,” Jenny said.

The Fight of a Lifetime

Ava returned to Toledo and completed two rounds of chemotherapy over the course of six  weeks, then returned to Cincinnati Children’s Hospital for scans. By then, she had lost most of her hair. “That was hard because it’s just one more realization of what is going on; now it’s an external reminder. Everyone you come across knows what it means,” Jenny expressed.  Dishearteningly, the tumor remained too large for surgery, and Ava was forced to endure two more rounds of chemo. “We wanted it out of her but we also wanted to give her the best chance of no reoccurrence.”

Finally, after four rounds of chemo, the tumor had shrunk to an operable size. Surgery to remove the tumor, along with the affected portion of the liver, was scheduled for June 2, 2014, just two days before Ava’s second birthday. Jenny and her husband, Ken, waited anxiously for the duration of the 13-hour operation.

“The surgery staff called hourly and gave us updates as to how things were going. Once they got in, it was more invasive than the scans had led them to believe. It was not just the right half of the liver; they had to take about 70 percent. We felt so lucky that they were able to get it all out. If they had realized how much was compromised beforehand, they probably would have done a (liver) transplant,” Jenny confided.

Ava slept through the following night in the ICU. “I will never forget that image–she was intubated, on a ventilator, they had to restrain her hands, she had a central line in her neck and a port in her chest, a nasogastric tube, urinary catheter and a drain at the surgery site. My husband and I took turns sleeping next to her bed. She woke up the next morning and opened her eyes. I was holding her hand. She was scared (and) didn’t know what was going on. Tears were running down her face because she was still intubated, and she couldn’t talk.”

Cancer-free and Loving Life

“Slowly, over the next few days, the wires and tubes came off; by her second birthday Ava was allowed liquids. She got to have a Popsicle and I was able to hold her. After two weeks of recovery, she was a whole new kid. Once home she was talking and eating better, and was much happier,” Jenny enthused.

Not out of the woods, Ava endured two more rounds of “mop-up” chemo to eradicate any remaining cancerous cells. “The last round was the toughest round on her,” said Jenny. “We explained to Ava the bad stuff growing in her had to come out and that’s why we needed to keep going back.”

Ava’s chemotherapy treatment was finally complete on July 31, 2014. Ava has been cancer-free since, but she must be checked for recurrence on a regular basis. Maintenance for Ava consists of ultrasounds, chest X-rays, and labs at regular intervals. Jenny confides, “This is our life and we know there is always a possibility [that the cancer may return], but you can’t let it consume you. She’s a tough cookie. She knows what she needs to do and she does it.”

This spring, the family of four travels to Walt Disney World in Orlando, FL on a Make-A-Wish trip for Ava. “Ava loves her princesses–Belle is her favorite. My daughters have both been through so much, even Ellie, having to take a step back and not get the full attention that she deserves,” Jenny shared.
 

For more information about childhood cancers including hepatoblastoma, visit the American Childhood Cancer Organization at www.acco.org.

May 2016

Polish-American Student Scholarship

The Polish-American Community of Toledo (PACT) and the Toledo Poznan Alliance have announced their sixth annual scholarship competition. $4k in awards will be given to area Polish-American high school and full-time college students, in good standing. Both categories will be required to write about polish heritage or culture in some way. Preferences will be given to children and grandchildren of Alliance members, to students who participate in extracurricular activities or community service, and to students who display academic excellence. The application is due May 3 and competition rules can be found on PACTs website.

 

Polish-American Community of Toledo 
P.O. Box 1033 | Sylvania, OH 43560 
polishcommunity.org